Kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv huab cua tsis tu ncua thiab txhawb nqa kev tsim hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv yog ob qho kev sib tw tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua kev siv nyiaj ntau ntxiv rau cov qoob loo, uas tau ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb tias hnub ci ua liaj ua teb yuav tshem tawm cov khoom noj.
Ib qho kev daws teeb meem yog agrivoltaics - kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb thiab hnub ci photovoltaic panels - uas tuaj yeem tswj cov qoob loo, tsim hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab, kev siv dej qis dua thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ua liaj ua teb.
Cov neeg ua liaj ua teb xav tau kev pab, txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev txiav txim siab cov qoob loo thiab qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tshuab agrivoltaic, nrog rau kev tsim vaj huam sib luag hnub ci thiab qhov chaw uas tswj lossis nce qoob loo.
Ib qho nyiaj tshiab $ 10 lab nyiaj pab los ntawm National Institute of Food and Agriculture nyob rau hauv US Department of Agriculture yuav tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb los kawm txog yuav ua li cas kom zoo tshaj plaws kev tsim qauv rau agrivoltaic systems nyob rau hauv ntau hom av thiab huab cua scenarios.
Lub koom haum ua tus thawj coj ntawm txoj haujlwm plaub xyoos, hu ua "Sustainably Colocating Agricultural thiab Photovoltaic Electricity Systems," los yog SCAPES, yog University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Cov koom haum koom tes suav nrog University of Arizona, Colorado State University, Auburn University, University of Illinois Chicago thiab National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Txoj haujlwm no tau txais nyiaj los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb thiab Zaub Mov Sustainable Agriculture Systems. Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Arizona yuav tau txais $ 1.725 lab ntawm cov nyiaj pab.
Greg Barron-Gafford pab pawg tshawb fawb suav nrog UArizona cov tub ntxhais kawm kawm tiav thiab kawm tiav. Barron-Gafford, sab xis, duab nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm Alyssa Salazar, Leandro Phelps-Garcia thiab Isaiah Barnett-Moreno.
Greg Barron-Gafford, xib fwb hauv lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Geography, Kev Txhim Kho thiab Ib puag ncig Kawm Txog Tsev Neeg Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Cwj Pwm, yuav yog lub cev science ua tus thawj coj ntawm qhov project. Hauv 2017, Barron-Gafford pab pawg tshawb fawb, uas suav nrog UArizona cov tub ntxhais kawm qib siab thiab kawm tiav, pib cog qoob loo hauv qab 9-ko taw hnub ci arrays ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab. biosphere 2 qhov chaw, qhov twg Barron-Gafford yog tus thawj coj ntawm cov zaub mov, lub zog thiab cov kev daws teeb meem dej.
Barron-Gafford coj lub thawj daim teb-cov ntaub ntawv ntsuam xyuas ntawm agrivoltaics nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States. Nws pom tias agrivoltaics nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm ob lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thiab cov qoob loo ntau lawm. Cov dej tso tawm los ntawm cov nroj tsuag cools lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, uas ua rau kom lawv efficiency thiab hluav taws xob tso zis. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo los ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag ua rau cov nroj tsuag muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab txuag dej, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim kev hloov pauv huab cua ua rau cov cheeb tsam raug kub hnyiab thiab dej qhuav, Barron-Gafford tau hais.
Txoj haujlwm SCAPES yuav siv 1.5-acre Agrivoltaics Learning Lab tshiab ntawm University of Arizona ua ib qho ntawm peb qhov chaw tshawb fawb txog kev ua liaj ua teb - nrog rau lwm tus hauv Illinois thiab Colorado - txhawm rau ntsuas microclimatic thiab cog lus teb rau qhov muaj hnub ci vaj huam sib luag. Kev ntsuas arrays yuav ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim los ntawm Barron-Gafford.
Hauv 2017, Barron-Gafford pab pawg tshawb fawb tau pib cog qoob loo hauv qab 9-ko taw hnub ci arrays ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Biosphere 2 qhov chaw.
Barron-Gafford tau hais tias "Qhov kev pabcuam USDA no yog thawj zaug uas peb yuav muaj kev teeb tsa loj heev," Barron-Gafford tau hais. "Peb niaj hnub tau nug 'Puas tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig koj pom tseem tshwm sim thaum koj ntsuas qhov no lossis saib lwm hom kev ua liaj ua teb?' Qhov ntawd yog qhov project no ua tiag tiag: Saib ntawm lub sijhawm thiab cov teeb meem uas tuaj nrog qhov ntsuas ntawd. "
Nrog rau qhov nyiaj pab no, Barron-Gafford ntxiv, "peb yuav ntsuas tau ntau cov qoob loo noj zaub mov ib zaug. Thiab peb yuav muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau yam ntxiv, zoo li pom tias peb tuaj yeem hu rov qab peb cov dej siv thiab tseem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom noj. "
Madhu Khanna, tus kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb ntawm cov nyiaj pab thiab ib ntus tus thawj coj ntawm University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Institute for Sustainability, Energy, thiab Ib puag ncig. "Peb lub hom phiaj yog los tswj lossis ua kom cov qoob loo nce ntxiv, nce kev sib xyaw - zaub mov thiab hluav taws xob - kev tsim khoom ntawm av, thiab ua kom cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog cov qoob loo thiab cov qoob loo thiab cov qoob loo tshwj xeeb thoob plaws ntau qhov chaw."
Andrea Gerlak, tus xibfwb qhia ntawm UArizona hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Geography, Kev Txhim Kho thiab Ib puag ncig thiab tus thawj coj ib ntus ntawm Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, yuav yog tus thawj coj ntawm txoj haujlwm tshawb fawb txog kev sib raug zoo. Gerlak thiab cov npoj yaig yuav ua cov pab pawg tsom mus rau ntau tus neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam, xws li cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, cov neeg ua haujlwm hnub ci thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm, kom paub txog dab tsi ua rau lawv txiav txim siab txog kev siv agrivoltaics systems thiab lawv cov kev xav hloov li cas raws li kev tshawb fawb tshiab tau tshwm sim.
Cov nyiaj pab tseem suav nrog kev kawm rau cov menyuam K-12, cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv qib siab thiab cov pej xeem. Moses Thompson, tus thawj coj ntawm UArizona Community and School Garden Program, thiab nws pab neeg tau tsim ntau cov txheej txheem thiab cov phiaj xwm kev qhia rau kev koom nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab cov pej xeem nrog lub vaj tsev kawm ntawv thiab Agrivoltaics Learning Labs tau teeb tsa hauv Rincon High School/University High School thiab Manzo Elementary School hauv Tucson Unified School District. Nws yuav txhawb nqa kev siv zog los koom ua ke cov kev paub dhau los thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes ntawm tag nrho peb qhov chaw tshawb fawb SCAPES.
"Lub 'Grand Challenges' tus ncej ntawm peb txoj kev npaj tswv yim tsom rau kev siv peb lub zog hauv kev tshawb fawb los daws cov teeb meem ntawm lub teb chaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb. Kev lees paub qhov muaj zaub mov los ntawm kev siv lub zog tauj dua tshiab yog qhov piv txwv zoo ntawm peb cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab rau cov teeb meem tseem ceeb, "said University of Arizona Thawj Tswj Hwm Robert C. Robbins. "Kuv zoo siab heev uas tau pom Dr. Barron-Gafford txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm tau nce mus rau qib tom ntej nrog cov nyiaj pab no los ntawm USDA thiab kuv tos ntsoov yuav ua raws nws, Dr. Gerlak thiab Mr. Thompson raws li qhov kev sib koom tes no nce mus ntxiv."
- Lori Harwood, University of Arizona College of Social thiab Behavioral Sciences
Yees duab nyob rau saum toj: Cov nyiaj pab yuav, ib feem, txhawb kev siv zog los koom ua ke kev kawm thiab kev siv tes ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho peb qhov chaw tshawb fawb SCAPES. Yees duab: Moses Thompson/UArizona Community and School Garden Program