Kua txiv, siav, Roma-style txiv lws suav, stocked nyob rau hauv cov kaus poom cov khoom seem ntawm koj lub khw hauv zos, twb tau tev thiab npaj rau koj ntxiv rau koj nyiam lub caij ntuj no stew, kua zaub los yog casserole. Muaj ntau yam sib npaug, thiab siv los ntawm cov kws ua zaub mov hauv tsev noj mov thiab cov kws ua zaub mov hauv tsev zoo ib yam, yog cov kaus poom stewed lossis txiv lws suav, zoo meej rau cov tais diav Italian lossis Mev.
Niaj hnub no, ntau tus txheej txheem tshem tawm cov tev nruj ntawm cov txiv lws suav no los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem, xws li chav cua sov lossis dav hlau txau ntawm cov tshuaj sov so ntawm sodium hydroxide lossis potassium hydroxide, ua raws li cov dej yaug.
Tag kis, cov txheej txheem yuav xaiv txoj hauv kev tshiab, tsim thiab sim hauv cov kev tshawb fawb coj los ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ua Lag Luam engineer Zhongli Pan. Nws nyob ntawm lub koom haum Western Regional Research Center hauv Albany, California.
Yuav ua li cas infrared peeling ua haujlwm
Cov txheej txheem cia siab rau lub zog infrared, zoo li uas tsim nyob rau hauv qhov cub infrared pom hauv chav ua noj hauv tsev, piv txwv li. Nyob rau hauv lub cannery, txiv lws suav mus rau hauv conveyor siv yuav tsum tau rhuab rau li 60 vib nas this nrog infrared teeb emissions los ntawm tubular units muab tso rau ib sab ntawm txoj siv sia.
Lub tshav kub loosens lub clingy tev thiab ua rau nws tawg. Qhov ntawd ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau tev kom sib cais thaum txiv lws suav nkag mus rau lawv qhov chaw tom ntej - lub tshuab nqus tsev - thiab, tom qab ntawd, raug tshem tawm los ntawm "pinch" rollers.
Pan pab neeg tau ua kom zoo dua cov kauj ruam no nyob rau ntau tshaj tsib xyoos ntawm kev sim uas muaj txog 6,000 tus neeg cog qoob loo Roma-hom (qee zaum hu ua "plum") txiv lws suav. Txawm hais tias cov kws tshawb fawb tau sim nrog infrared tev txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub rau ntau xyoo lawm, Pan's infrared kuaj pom tau tias yog qhov dav tshaj plaws ntawm lawv hom, rau hnub tim, rau ib puag ncig lub suab tev ntawm txiv lws suav.
Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej txheem tshiab yog tias nws feem ntau tsis muaj dej. Qhov ntawd yog qhov tshwj xeeb "ntxiv" rau cov txheej txheem hauv qee lub sijhawm drought-stricken California, lub xeev uas tsim cov txiv lws suav feem ntau hauv lub tebchaws.
Cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txo tus nqi ntawm kev nqa dej rau hauv lub cannery, tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo tus nqi ntawm kev rov ua dua lossis pov tseg kom zoo. Kev pov tseg yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb tshwj xeeb rau cov txheej txheem uas siv sodium hydroxide lossis potassium hydroxide, vim tias cov tshuaj tuaj yeem txhawb tus nqi kho cov dej khib nyiab hauv lub Hoobkas.
Lwm qhov zoo
Muaj ntau yam nyiam txog infrared "dry peeling" thev naus laus zis. Cov txheej txheem yuav pab txo cov khib nyiab "overpeeling" uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum ntau txheej ntawm cov txiv lws suav tsis raug tshem tawm nrog cov tev. Nrog infrared, overpeeling tsis tshua muaj teeb meem vim hais tias, thaum siv nrog precision, cov txheej txheem feem ntau cuam tshuam tsuas yog tev thiab ob peb txheej nyias hauv qab nws.
Hauv kev tshawb fawb luam tawm xyoo 2014, cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias tev-txog kev poob - ntsuas los ntawm kev sib piv cov txiv lws suav qhov hnyav ua ntej thiab tom qab tev - yog li 8 feem pua mus rau 13 feem pua ntawm cov cua sov infrared thiab li 13 feem pua mus rau 16 feem pua ntawm sodium hydroxide-based peeling .
Tsawg overpeeling kuj txhais tau hais tias cov txiv lws suav infrared tuaj yeem ua kom zoo nkauj dua li qhov overpeeled. Overpeeling tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, uas feem ntau yog paler dua li niaj hnub ua cov txiv lws suav tob tob-liab saum txheej. Ib yam nkaus, cov txiv lws suav daj, cov hlab ntsha zoo li cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem raug nthuav tawm los ntawm overpeeling.
Tsis tas li ntawd, infrared peeling tuaj yeem yooj yim dua ntawm cov qauv thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov txiv lws suav. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias txiv lws suav yuav nyob twj ywm pleasingly, tsis mushy, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob poob sib nrug yooj yim thaum txiav. Pan cov pab pawg tau pom tias cov txiv lws suav uas kho tau infrared yog qhov zoo sib xws los yog me ntsis zoo dua cov txiv lws suav tev nrog sodium los yog potassium hydroxide.
Pan thiab cov npoj yaig Tara McHugh, tus thawj coj tshawb fawb thiab cov kws paub txog zaub mov nrog ARS ntawm Albany; Carlos Masareje nrog Precision Canning Equipment, Woodland, California; thiab James Valenti-Jordan ntawm Del Monte Foods, Walnut Creek, tab tom nrhiav patent rau txheej txheem tev.
Yias cia siab tias yuav muaj lub kaw lus nce mus txog qhov nrawm nrawm los ntawm 2016. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov kev tshawb fawb txiv lws suav tau sau tseg rau hauv ib nrab lub kaum os cov phooj ywg txheeb xyuas cov ntawv tshawb fawb. Lwm cov ntawv piav qhia txog kev nce qib nrog kev siv thev naus laus zis rau kev tshem tawm cov txiv duaj tshiab clingstone, lwm cov kaus poom-cov khoom classic.