Cov khoom siv roj ntsha yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau cov neeg cog zaub organic thiab tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv tsev cog khoom kom txwv cov nroj tsuag thiab kab phem.
Tab sis kev lag luam tsis nres rau ntawd.
Cov thawj coj hais tias lawv tab tom thov qhov chaw hauv kev ua liaj ua teb loj. Ib qho kev lag luam uas pib nrog kev nrhiav cov tshuaj softer thiab tshuaj lom neeg rau kev tswj cov kab tsuag thiab cov nroj tsuag tam sim no muaj biostimulants txhawb cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob. Lwm cov khoom txawm tias tsom mus rau kev txhim kho zaub kom zoo thiab txee lub neej.
Ntau ntawm kev ua lag luam
Keith Jones, tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab tau hais tias "Cov qoob loo tshwj xeeb yog qhov uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv roj ntsha tau pib," Biological Products Industry Alliance (BPIA).
"Cov khoom siv roj ntsha tau pom lawv qhov kev lees paub zoo tshaj plaws nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub cog."
BPIA txhawb nqa lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev txhim kho kev nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntsha. Cov pab pawg tau loj hlob los ntawm tsib lub tuam txhab thawj zaug mus txog 130 tus tswv cuab uas yog tsim, ua lag luam lossis faib cov khoom siv roj ntsha.
Jones tau hais tias cov tshuaj lom neeg tam sim no muaj txog li 17 feem pua ntawm kev ua lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab rau cov neeg cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub - thiab qhov kev lag luam feem ntau tseem loj hlob txhua xyoo.
Thaum txog 25 feem pua ntawm biocontrols yog siv rau cov qoob loo organic, nws hais tias tam sim no feem ntau yog siv rau cov qoob loo.
"Cov neeg siv khoom xav tau kuj yog tus tsav tsheb rau qhov no," nws hais. "Tib neeg tam sim no, lawv mob siab ntau ntxiv txog qhov tshwm sim nrog lawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tej zaum lawv yuav tsis muaj kev txaus siab rau yam uas tau siv ntawm lawv cov paj rwb. Tej yam uas lawv tau noj, muaj ntau qhov kev txaus siab rau yam uas tau siv rau cov qoob loo ntawd. "
Tab sis txawm tias cov khoom siv roj ntsha tsis raug zam los ntawm txhua txoj cai.
Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, EPA's Biopesticides and Pollution Prevention Division hauv nws Office of Pesticide Programs tswj kev sau npe ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob lom uas ua nrog biochemical, microbial lossis cov thev naus laus zis tshiab.
Jones tau hais tias "Zoo li txhua qhov kev lag luam, kuv paub tseeb tias muaj qee cov khoom lag luam tsis zoo nyob ntawd," Jones hais. Cov khoom siv roj ntsha uas muaj sia nyob ntawm kev ua lag luam rau ntau xyoo yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg cog qoob loo, nws hais. Cov tuam txhab pib lag luam uas thov rau kev ua tswv cuab rau BPIA yuav tsum pom zoo ua raws li tsoomfwv cov cai sau npe, thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv siv tau hauv kev lag luam.
Jones tau hais tias "Peb tsuas yog nrhiav lub tuam txhab los ua lub tuam txhab raug cai nrog cov khoom lag luam lossis cov kev pabcuam raug cai," Jones hais.
Cov kab mob microbials - cov khoom lag luam nrog cov kab mob xws li cov kab mob uas yog cov khoom xyaw nquag - ua 25 feem pua ntawm kev lag luam tam sim no tab sis yog nws txoj haujlwm loj tshaj plaws. Biochemicals tsim txog li 35 feem pua, thiab cov kab mob macro, xws li cov kab muaj txiaj ntsig, ua rau tus so, Jones tau hais.
Tshaj li biocontrols
cov 2018 Farm Bill muaj thawj qhov kev cai lij choj txhais ntawm biostimulants li "ib yam khoom lossis cov kab mob microorganisms uas, thaum siv rau cov noob, nroj tsuag, lossis rhizosphere, txhawb cov txheej txheem ntuj tsim los txhim kho lossis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv, kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev ua siab ntev rau kev ntxhov siab, lossis qoob loo zoo thiab tawm los.”
Qee qhov piv txwv yog cov amino acids, microbials, lossis cov nroj tsuag rho tawm uas tau muag rau kev pab cov nroj tsuag kom loj hlob. Txawm hais tias txoj kev mus rau kev lag luam tseem tsis tau txhais raws li txoj cai, BPIA tau tawm tswv yim rau cov ntawv sau npe uas yuav txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb biostimulants.
Tseem muaj lwm yam khoom siv roj ntsha yog tsom rau kev txhim kho txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo thiab txee lub neej.
Piv txwv li, saib cov teeb meem classic ntawm cov tawv nqaij tawg ntawm txiv lws suav. Ntawm Mid-Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Convention, cov neeg cog qoob loo tau mloog cov lus qhuab qhia los ntawm Steven Bogash, tus kws qhia ntawv Penn State Extension tau so haujlwm tam sim no ua haujlwm rau Marrone Bio Innovations.
Nws tau hais tias "Qhov no yog qhov ua rau tawg: sab hauv loj hlob sai dua li qhov tawv nqaij tuaj yeem ua tau," nws hais.
High-humidity hnub nrog lub teeb tawv nqaij tuaj yeem tawg txiv lws suav dav. Nws yog cov neeg cog txiv lws suav 'ib tus mob loj tshaj plaws, ib qho lawv feem ntau sim tawm los ntawm kev siv calcium thiab manganese rau daim tawv nqaij noj qab haus huv. Tab sis xyoo tshiab no tsis yog ib qho, tab sis ob qho khoom siv foliar tshiab.
Marrone Bio muaj cov khoom zoo li no, hu ua Haven, ua los ntawm cov txiv maj phaub roj, uas txhawb kev sib kis thiab tiv thaiv lub hnub. Lwm lub tuam txhab, BioBest, muaj ib yam khoom hu ua Bluestim, ua los ntawm glycine betaine los ntawm qab zib beets, uas ua raws li ib tug osmosis regulator, kom ntseeg tau zoo kev cai ntawm dej thiab cov as-ham.
Bogash tau hais tias "Yog tias koj tau txais cov dej ntau dhau ntawm sab hauv thiab nws tuaj yeem txav mus sab nraud yooj yim, koj yuav tau tawg ntau dua," Bogash tau hais. "Cov ntaub ntawv no tau cog lus tias yuav hloov txoj hauv kev uas peb poob qib ntawm cov txiv lws suav, vim hais tias, fim nws: Tus lej ib txoj hauv kev uas koj muab cov txiv lws suav No. 1 thiab ua rau No.
Bluestim Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Khoom Muag Veronica Cervantes tau hais tias cov khoom lag luam tau sau npe raws li kev hloov kho cov nroj tsuag organic. Siv txhua 3-4 lub lis piam rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hluas nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tawg thiab tseem siv los txuas ntxiv lub txee lub neej ntawm txiv lws suav.
"Peb siv lawv los pab cov nroj tsuag tiv thaiv kev xa khoom," nws hais. "Koj yuav tiv thaiv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo."
Cov khoom siv roj ntsha muaj ntau ntxiv rau ntau yam kab tsuag thiab teeb meem.
"Tsis muaj 'ib qho me me haum rau txhua qhov' txoj haujlwm raws li cov xwm txheej thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab tsuag tsis tu ncua txhua lub caij," Bogash tau sau rau hauv ib daim ntawv qhia rau kev kawm sib cais, qhov no yog ib qho ntawm biocontrol tshuaj tua kab hauv tsev hoop. "Txawm li cas los xij, tus naj npawb ntawm cov cuab yeej tswj xyuas kab tsuag hauv peb lub thawv biocontrol tau loj hlob mus rau qhov uas lawv tuaj yeem tswj tau txhua yam kab tsuag."
- Stephen Kloosterman, associate editor